Structure, Function, Usage, and Benefits of Hyaluronic Acid (Serum) on Your Skin

Structure and Chemistry of Hyaluronic Acid

Hyaluronic Acid (C₁₄H₂₁NO₁₁)n is a naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan composed of repeating disaccharide units of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. Its unique structure contains multiple hydroxyl groups, making it highly hydrophilic and capable of binding large amounts of water—up to 1000 times its weight.

In skincare, this structure allows Hyaluronic Acid to:

• Attract and retain water in the skin, providing deep hydration.

• Form a protective, moisture-locking layer on the skin surface.

• Support skin elasticity and plumpness by maintaining hydration in the extracellular matrix.

How Hyaluronic Acid Works on Your Skin

Hyaluronic Acid works primarily as a humectant. Its multiple hydrophilic sites draw water from the environment and deeper skin layers into the epidermis. This hydration:

• Plumps fine lines and wrinkles, reducing their appearance.

• Maintains skin elasticity and firmness.

• Enhances barrier function, preventing moisture loss.

• Soothes and calms irritated or dry skin.

Unlike exfoliating or brightening agents, Hyaluronic Acid doesn’t alter pigmentation or cellular turnover—it focuses on hydration, resilience, and skin comfort.

Why Skin Needs Hyaluronic Acid

Skin can lose moisture due to:

• Aging: Natural HA levels decline over time.

• Environmental factors: Sun exposure, pollution, and dry climates.

• Skin conditions: Dryness, eczema, or post-procedure sensitivity.

Hyaluronic Acid replenishes hydration, improves elasticity, and supports overall skin health, making it essential for both prevention and repair.

Benefits of Hyaluronic Acid on the Skin

• Deep hydration: Retains water in the skin, leaving it soft and supple.

• Plumps fine lines: Reduces the appearance of wrinkles and creases.

• Soothes irritation: Calms redness and dryness.

• Strengthens barrier function: Protects skin from environmental stressors.

• Compatible with other actives: Can be layered with Vitamin C, Retinoids, Niacinamide, or peptides without irritation.

Sources of Hyaluronic Acid for the Skin

Hyaluronic Acid is used in various topical formulations:

• Serums: Highly concentrated for maximum hydration.

• Creams and lotions: Provide moisture and barrier support.

• Sheet masks: Deliver an instant hydration boost.

• Injectables (dermal fillers): For targeted plumping and wrinkle reduction (clinical use).

How to Safely Use Hyaluronic Acid Serum

Recommended Concentrations:

• Cosmetic formulations usually contain 0.1–2% Hyaluronic Acid (higher concentrations may be used in professional treatments).

Routine Application:

1. Cleanse: Use a gentle cleanser to prep the skin.

2. Apply Hyaluronic Acid Serum: A few drops over damp skin for optimal absorption.

3. Moisturise: Lock in hydration with a cream or lotion.

4. SPF protection: Essential during the day to prevent dehydration and photoaging.

Frequency:

• Once or twice daily, depending on your skin’s needs.

Who Should Use Hyaluronic Acid

• Individuals with dry, dehydrated, or aging skin.

• Those with sensitive skin seeking gentle hydration without irritation.

• People using actives like Retinoids or AHAs who need extra moisture support.

• Anyone looking to improve skin plumpness, elasticity, and barrier function.

Hyaluronic Acid is safe for nearly all skin types, making it a versatile and essential ingredient in daily skincare.